n4nAI

Topic

Function Calling Fundamentals

27 posts on function calling fundamentals — part of ai agents & automation on the n4n AI blog.

API integrationHow-to

Writing tool descriptions for reliable function calling

Learn how writing tool descriptions function calling reliably works: a step-by-step guide to schema design, imperative phrasing, and cross-model testing.

4 min read
API integrationComparison

Tool use vs function calling: is it the same thing?

Clarifying the tool use vs function calling difference: a head-to-head comparison of capabilities, cost, latency, ergonomics, and ecosystem for engineers.

4 min read
API integrationAnalysis

How function calling works under the hood in GPT-4o

A practitioner's analysis of how function calling works in GPT-4o internals, covering training, constrained decoding, failure modes, and schema design tradeoffs.

4 min read
API integrationComparison

Function calling with Gemini, Claude, and GPT-4o compared

Engineer-focused comparison of function calling gemini claude gpt-4o compared: schema differences, cost, latency, ergonomics, limits, and verdict.

4 min read
API integrationComparison

Function calling vs JSON mode: what's the difference?

A practical comparison of function calling vs JSON mode for LLM apps: capabilities, cost, latency, ergonomics, and which to use for your use case.

4 min read
API integrationTutorial

Function calling tutorial: from schema to executed result

Hands-on function calling tutorial: define JSON schemas, invoke a model via OpenAI-compatible API, execute the call locally, and return results to the model.

3 min read
API integrationGuide

Function calling schemas: JSON Schema for LLM tools

A practical guide to designing JSON Schema for LLM function calling: tool definitions, parameter constraints, pitfalls, and provider compatibility.

4 min read
API integrationGuide

Common function calling mistakes and how to fix them

A practitioner's guide to the common function calling mistakes fix path: schema design, validation, retries, error handling, and cross-model testing.

4 min read
API integrationComparison

Claude tool use vs OpenAI function calling compared

A practitioner's head-to-head comparison of Claude tool use vs OpenAI function calling across capabilities, cost, latency, ergonomics, and limits.

5 min read
API integrationTutorial

Writing your first function calling API request

Hands-on tutorial for your first function calling API request using the OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions API, with runnable Python code and expected outputs.

4 min read
AI agents & automationAnalysis

Why LLMs hallucinate function call arguments

Analyze why LLMs invent invalid function call arguments, from schema drift to token prediction, and how engineers can enforce reliable tool use.

4 min read
API integrationDefinition

What is function calling in the OpenAI API?

Function calling in the OpenAI API lets models return structured JSON to trigger external code. Learn the wire format, gotchas, and a real example.

4 min read
AI agents & automationAnalysis

What function calling actually costs in tokens

Function calling token cost hides in repeated schema injection, multi-turn context, and output overhead. Learn how to measure and cut it in production agents.

5 min read
AI agents & automationDefinition

Parallel function calling explained with examples

Parallel function calling lets LLMs request multiple tool invocations in one response. Learn how it works, see code examples, and avoid common misconceptions.

4 min read
API integrationTutorial

OpenAI function calling explained with a real example

A hands-on OpenAI function calling example explained step by step. Build a weather assistant with the API, including runnable code and expected outputs.

3 min read
AI agents & automationHow-to

How to write JSON schemas for function calling

Learn how to write a json schema for function calling that models reliably follow, with step-by-step examples and verification tips for engineers.

3 min read
AI agents & automationHow-to

How to route function calls across multiple LLMs

Step-by-step guide to route function calls across models with OpenAI-compatible APIs, fallback logic, and per-call routing directives for reliable agents.

4 min read
AI agents & automationHow-to

How to debug failed function calls in production

A practitioner's step-by-step guide to debug failed function calls in production: capture logs, isolate model vs tool errors, replay, and enforce schemas.

4 min read
AI agents & automationHow-to

How to chain multi-step function calls reliably

A practical guide to chaining function calls across multiple LLM steps without losing state or reliability, with runnable code patterns.

3 min read
AI agents & automationTutorial

Function calling with Llama 3.3 70B: a tutorial

Step-by-step tutorial for implementing Llama 3.3 function calling with open-source models, including runnable Python code and expected outputs.

2 min read
AI agents & automationAnalysis

Function calling latency: GPT-4o vs Claude vs Gemini

A practitioner's analysis of function calling latency benchmark results across GPT-4o, Claude, and Gemini, separating model speed from API and parsing overhead.

5 min read
API integrationDefinition

Function calling 101: how LLM tool use actually works

Explains how does llm function calling work: the JSON schema contract, the inference and execution loop, and the misconceptions engineers hit building tools.

4 min read
AI agents & automationComparison

Structured outputs vs function calling explained

A pragmatic engineering comparison of structured outputs vs function calling across capabilities, cost, latency, ergonomics, ecosystem, and limits.

4 min read
AI agents & automationDefinition

How function calling works in GPT-4o and Claude

Function calling lets LLMs like GPT-4o and Claude emit structured tool calls. Learn how function calling works, with code examples and common pitfalls.

4 min read
AI agents & automationComparison

Function calling vs JSON mode: when to use each

A pragmatic engineering comparison of function calling vs json mode across capabilities, cost, latency, ergonomics, and limits—with a clear verdict.

5 min read
AI agents & automationComparison

Claude tool use vs OpenAI function calling

A practitioner's head-to-head comparison of Claude tool use vs OpenAI function calling across capabilities, cost, latency, ergonomics, and limits.

4 min read
AI agents & automationGuide

A beginner's guide to LLM function calling

A practical LLM function calling guide for engineers: learn to define schemas, invoke tools, execute safely, and avoid common pitfalls with real code.

5 min read